Fig. 1
From: Neurovascular 4DFlow MRI (Phase Contrast MRA): emerging clinical applications
Limited maximum intensity projections (MIPS) of angiograms generated from 4DFlow acquisitions with Venc’s of 80, 40, 20 and 10 cm/s. As the Venc is reduced to 10 cm/sec the visualization of large arterial vessels is reduced. In these vessels, the measured velocity values will be unreliable due to limited detectable velocity dynamic range. At the same time, the visualization of slow flowing venous structures is improved as the Venc is reduced